Leno motion for looms



Oct. 9, 1928.

H. A. DAVIS LENO MOTION FOR LOOMS Filed June 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet Fig. 1.

InvenTo r.

Davis Harry A. byflw/ AHys.

Oct. 9, 1928. 1,687,363

H. A. DAVIS LENO MOTION FOR LOOMS Filed June 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig.2.

5a 44 50L as 5 3 9 o as I Efljq I Inventor. 4s 44 Harry A. Daws I -63 47.ifikj; f

Patented Get. 9, 1928.

' UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY A. DAVIS, OF HOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T DRAPER CORPORA-TION, OF I-IOPEDALE, MASSAGHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

LENO MOTIOBT 30R LOOMS.

Application filed June a, 1927. SeriaINo. 196,113.

This invention relates to improvements in leno motions for looms and theprincipal object thereof is to provide a motion which will produce amore accurate leno weave.

Tn leno or cross weaving looms, as is well known, the warp threads aregiven a relatively lateral or transverse movement to 08.115601: warpthread to cross over an adjacent warp thread after the heddles have beenrelatively moved vertically sufficiently to permit such transversemovement; then the relative vertical movement of the heddles is reversedto form the shed to receive the weft or filling thread. I

In usual types of looms the transverse movement of the heddles or heddleframes is produced by theoscillation of a rock shaft or rock shaftshaving arms pivotally attached to the ends of the heddle frames so thatthe transverse movement of the heddle frames includes a swingingmovement instead of a true vertical movement. This swinging of heddleframes forward and backward in iieres with the exactness of thelenoweave. Que of the objects of the present invention to providemeansfor causing both the verical and transverse movements of the respec 'iveheddle frames to take place in true verical planes.

A further object of the invention isto provide means for co-ordinatingaccurately the relative transverse movements of thc heddles, therebyfurther insuring accuracy in the leno weave.

Tn usual types of looms for producing leno weave the mechanism, whichproduces the transverse movements of theheddles, is rendered relativelyslow by reason of thearc through which the frames are swungbacki'vai'dly and forwardly. so that special cams provided with longdwells are required to actuate the treadles which move the heddlesvertically. By the provision of means, for causing the heddles toreciprocate both ver tically and transversely in a true vertical plane,much more rapid shifting of the beddles transversely is permitted. whichwill enable the vertical movement of the heddles to be produced by theusual types of. treadle cams which are employed in plain weave.

The employment of such usual types of cams in leno looms reduces to aconsiderable extent thevibration of the loom over .that which takesplace when the special cams,

which'are more or less of rectangular form, are employed.

Other objects and features of the invention will more fully appear fromthe follow mg description and the accompanying drawand willbe'particularly pointed out in the claims.

inasmuch as the present invention relates on..y v atingthe heddles of aleno motion, only so much of the loom need be'illustrated as is requiredto show the application of the in- 'ventionthereto,

A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanyingdrawings, in which,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a loom includthe loom side, and the lay,the harnesses particularly the mechanism for transmitting transverserelative movement tothe heddle frames.

The loom, which maybe of the usual type.

comprises loom sides 1 and 2, upon which the mechanisms of the loom aremounted, including the lay sword 3 which is pivotally mounted at itslower end upon the lay rocker shaft-4 and is provided at its upper endwith the usual lay 5 and reed6, the lay sword beingj; actuated through apitman 7 from a crank (not shown) upon the usual crank shaft 8 of theloom. ,Tlie loom sides are provided centrally with vertical standards 9having at tieir upper ends forwardly extending arms 10 having journals11 for theshaft upon which the harness-supporting rolls 12 are mounted.The loom harness comprises front and rear heddle frames 13 and 14 whichare supported by straps 15 which pass over the rolls 12. The lower endsof the hed-. dlc frames are connected by straps 16 and 17 to treadles 18and 19 which are pivotally mounted upon a shaft 20 at the rear of theloom and are actuated by cams 21 and 22 upon the auxiliary cam shaft 23of the loom.

The cams 21 and 22 are symmetrical and are disposed as to oscillate thetreadles 18 and 19 alternately vertically thereby impartingverticalrelative movement to the heddle frames in the usual manner.

LO improvements in mechanism for actu- The auxiliary cam shaft is drivenby a gear 24 from a complementary gear 25 of like pitch upon the camshaft 26 of the loom While the cam shaft 26 is driven through a ger 27of twice the diameter or pitch of the gear 24 by a gear 28 on the crankshaft 8, the gear 28 being of half the diameter of the gear upon the camshaft.

By reason of this construction the heddles are moved alternately up anddown upon each beat-up of the lay as in usual loom constructions. Byreason of the mechanism for imparting a rapid transverse moven'ient tothe heddle frames, hereinafter to be described, the present inventionenables the use of the usual substantially lobe-shaped cams in the placeof the special rectangular cams heretofore employed in looms of thistype.

The present invention in its broad sense comprises means for moving theheddle frames transversely provided with means for also maintaining theheddle frames in a true verticalplane during both the vertical andhorizontal reciprocation thereof.

The harnesses illustrated herein comprise front and rear heddle frames13 and 1.4 of usual rectangular form, the front heddle frame having topbars 31 and bottom bars 32, in which the heddles are i'i'iounted,connected by vertical. end bars and 34. Tn the construction illus ratedherein tne heddles comprise a series of plain heddles or dents 85 whichextend from the top heddle bar 81 to the bottom heddle bar 32 of thefront frame with loop needles 36 mounted in the bottom heddle barintermediate of the dents and extending approximately half the lengththereof, provided at their upper ends with eyes 87 to receive alternatewarps, other warps lying freely in the spaces between the plainhediilles or dents 35, in the usual manner. The rear heddle frame 14 isreversely con- .structedand the vertical end bars 38 and 39 are arrangedin juxtaposition and preferably in engagement with. the vertical endbars 33 and 34 of the front heddle frame. Each of the end bars of t eheddle frames is provided with vertical guideways which, in theconstruction illustrated herein, are in the form of angle bars 40 and 1attached to and extending longitudinally of the vertical end frames 38and 34 of the front heddle frame and similar angle bars 42 and 43 whichare connected to the end bars 88 one 39 of the rear heddle frame.Transverse rectilinear movements are imparted to these heddle frames byactuating members whichmove in the vertical plane of the movement of theheddle frames.

In the particular construction illustrated herein arms 44 and 45 arepivotally mounted upon a shaft 46 carried in a bearing block 47 which issecured by a bolt 48 to a bracket 49 extending inwardly from the loomside, approximately at mid-position of the heddle frames. The arms 44and 45, as shown in the drawings are inverted L-shaped inform, and thefree ends are provided with cylindrical end portions 50 and 51 whichengage respectively within angles of the guides 40 and 42. The arms 44and 45 are spaced a aart in such a manner to hold the adjacent verticalends 33 and 38 of the front and rear heddle frames in slidingengagement.

Suitable means are provided to oscillate the arms 44 and 45 in thevertical plane of the movement of the heddles produced by the action ofthe treadles of the loom and these arms serve not only to imparttransverse movement to the heddles, but alsoas guides to insure truevertical movement of the heddle frames.

The arms 44 and 45 are oscillated to impart the transverse movement tothe heddle frames by links 52 and 58 which are adjustahly con nected tothe arms 44 and 45 by bolt and-slot connections 54. the opposite ends ofthe arms 52 58 being pivotally connected to vertical posts 55 and. 56which are swivoled in the ends of oppositely extending arms of aT'shaped plate 57 which. is pivotally mounted upon. a stud 58 extendingupwardly from a bracket waich is mounted upon the bracket 49 which iscarried by the loom side. Alink 60 is pivotally connected at one end tothe stem 61 of the i -shaped memher -57 and its opposite end piv otallyconnected to a stud 62 projecting upwardly from the end of a rocker arm63 which .is pivot-ally mounted centrally of its length upon a stud 64projecting from a bracket 65 carried by the loom side and is provided atits. lower,

end with a pivotally mounted cam follower 66 adapted to travel in thegrooves of :1 switch cam 6'? which may be conveniently mounted upon atake-up sh aft 68 of the loom. The take-up shaft is driven at the samerate of speed as the cam shaft by beveled gears 69 and 70 mountedrespectively upon the cam shaft and the take-up shaft.

The reversing portions of the grooves of the switch cam 66are such as toimpart quick llilllSVQlSB movei'nentto the heddle frames and are sotimed with respect to the vertical movement of the heddles that fulltransverse movements of the heddles will have been completed before theweft is laid in the shed produeed by the vertical action of the heddles.This quick shifting of the heddles is permitted because of the mechanismwhich causes the heddle frames to move transversely in the same verticalplane as the vertical movement thereof and no delay is required. for thepositioning'of the heddles in the vertical plane of reciprocationthereof, as has heretofore been necessary where the transverse movementof the heddles has included also a forward and backward movement.

The preferred mechanism for moving the heddles transversely and forguiding the liu serve to co-ordinate the transverse movements of theheddles and insure the accuracy of such movement. In the preferredembodiment of the invention disclosed guides 71 and 72 engagerespectively the vertical guideways formed by the channel bars 41 and 43in the ends of the heddle frames 13 andl i respectively. These guidesare in the form of rectangular bars, the shanks 7 3 and 74 of which areguided in suitable ways in a bracket 7 5 which is mounted upon a stand76 carried by the loom side 2. Theshanks 7 3 and 74 of these guides areprovided with oppositely positioned racks 77 and 7 8, the teeth of whichengage the teeth of a pinion 79 located intermediate of said racks androtatably mounted upon a stud 80 upon the bracket 75. By reason of thisconstruction positive transverse movement imparted to one of the heddleframes will be transmitted through the raclt and pinion to the otherheddle frame to move such frame'in the opposite direction, for example,when the arm 44 is rocked (to the right from the position illustrated inFig. 3) the front heddle frame is moved to .the right. The guide 71 ofthe frame is thereby moved to the right, thus causing the rack 77 uponits shank 73 to 1'0- tate the gear 7 9. Inasmuch as the. gear 79 engagesthe rack 78 upon the stem 7& of the guide 72 the guide 72will be movedpositively in the opposite direction thus positively forcing the rearheddle to the left simultaneously with the positive movement of thefront heddle 29 to the right, thus causing the heddle to follow themovement of the actuating arm 45 which at this time is withdrawn by theElCtlOlIOI themovement of the T-shaped actuating member. Thus the relative movementsof the front and rear heddles are co-ord'inated both as totime and ex tent of movement. verse shifting movements ofthe heddles isinsured, both by reason of this co-ordination and by the maintenance ofthe heddle frames 13 and let in the same vertical planes both duringtheverticalreciprocation and transverse movement. c

As heretofore stated the present mechanism, which insures thereciprocation of the heddles respectively in the, same vertical planesboth during vertical. and transverse movement, permits a quickertransverse shifting of the heddles than in previousheddle-actuatingmechanisms in which the heddles were given a swingingmovement into and out of the vertical plane of reciprocation so that thetreadles for imparting the verticalmovement to the heddles may beactuated by usual types'of loom cams instead of requiring specialsubstantially rectangular cams such as those which have been hereto-Accuracy of the trans fore generally employed for actuating theharnesses of-le'no looms. Much less vibrationis, therefore, caused bythe use of usual cams. Furthermore, the present invention, which permitsthe use of the usual treadle cams of the loom, enables the lenomechanism to be more readilyappliedto usual types of looms Withoutre-organization of the 100111.

The invention is .illustratedherein as applied to a certain formof-plainloom. It will, however, be understood that the invention may beembodied in other types of looms, such as dobbies, pattern, etc.

It will also be understood that various changes in form, constructionand arrangement of parts may be made within the spirit and scope of thefollowing claims;

Having thus described the invention, What is claimed as new, and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a leno loom comprising a pair. of heddle frames havingsuitablemeans for conreciprocable in the planes ofthe respective frames andoperable to impart relativetransverse. movements 7 to said framesalternately in one direction and also to prevent said frames fromdisplacement from their respective vertical planes, complementaryguiding members movable horizontally in said verftical 'planesengagingthe guideways at the opposite endsof said frames'andmeans fortransmitting the actuated movement of one of said complementary membersto the other, but in the opposite direction. V

'2. In a'l-eno loom comprising a pair of heddle frameshaving'suitable-means for controlling the warps, guide'ways extendinglongitudinally. of the ends 'of each frame,

means for imparting relative vertical movements to said frames andactuating means for imparting relativetransverse movements to saidframes alternating'ly in one direction,

comprising members engaging the guideways at the same ends of saidheddle frames movable in'opposite' directionsin the respective verticalplanes ofsaid frames and complementary guiding members, engaging therespective guideways at the opposite; end of said frames reciprocablein' the respective vertical planes of said frames and means operable totransmit the actuated movement of each of the respective frames to theother but in the opposite direction. v,

3; In a leno'loom comprising a pair of heddle. frames having suitablemeans for controllingthe warps, guideways extending longitudinally of Ithe 7 ends. of each frame, means for imparting relativevertical'movements to said frames and actuating means for impartingrelative transverse movements to said frames alternately in onedirection, comprising members engaging the guidcways at the same ends ofsaid heddle frames movable in opposite directions in the respectivevertical planes of said frames, complementary guiding ,members engaging,the respective guidevvays at the opposite end of said framesreciprocable in the respective vertical planes of said frames and meansfor co-ordinating the relative movements of said complementary guidingmembers operable to transmit the actuated movement of each of therespective frames to the other but in the oppoof said framesreciprocable horizontally in the respective vertical planes of saidframes and: provided with oppositely disposed racks and a pinioninterposed between and engaging said racks operable to co-ordinate therelative transverse movements of said frames. a

I 5. In a leno loom comprising a pair of heddle frames havingsuitablemeans for controlling the warps, guideways extendinglongitudinally of the ends of each frame, means for imparting relativevertical movements to said frames and means for imparting relativetransversexmovements to said frames, comprising reciprocable membersslidably engaging respectively the guideways at the same ends of saidframes, means for moving said'members simultaneously in opposite dierections and complementary guiding members slidably engaging therespective guideways at the opposite ends of said frame horizontallyreciprocable in the vertical planes of said frames and means forco-ordinating the movement of said complementary guiding membersoperable to transmit the actuated movement of each of the respectiveframes to the other but in the opposite direction;

6. In a leno loom comprising a pair of heddle frames having suitablemeans for controlling the warps, guideways extending longitudinally ofthe ends of each frame, means for imparting relative vertical movementsto said frames and means for imparting relative transverse movements tosaid frames, com prising pivotally mounted members having their freeends slidably engaging respectively the guidewa-ys at the same ends ofsaid frames, means for rocking said members simultaneously in oppositedirections, and complementary guiding members slidably engaging therespective guideways at the opposite ends of said frame reciprocablehorizontallyin the vertical planesof said frames provided withoppositely disposed racks and a pinion interposed between and engagingsaid racks acting to co-ordinate therelative transverse movements ofsaid frames.

7. In a leno loom comprising a pair of heddle frames having suitablemeans for controlling the warps, guideways extending longitudinally ofthe ends of each frame, means for imparting relative vertical movementsto said frames and means for imparting relative transverse movements tosaid I frames, comprising pivotally mounted mem bers having their freeends engaging the respective guideways at the same ends of said frames,means for moving said 'pivotally mounted members simultaneously inopposite directions including a switch cam operable to impart a quickmovement to said pivotally mounted members upon every other rotation ofthe crank shaft of the loom and complementary guiding members slidablyengaging the respective guideways at the oppositeends of said frames andreciprocable horizontally I in the vertical planes of saidframes actingto. insure true vertical movements of said frames and means fortransmitting the actuated movement of each of the respective frames tothe other but in the opposite direction.

8. In a leno loom comprising a pair of heddle frames having suitablemeans for controlling the warps, guideways extending longitudinally ofthe ends of each frame, means for imparting relative vertical movementsto said frames and means for imparting relative transverse movements tosaid frames, comprising pivotally mounted members-having their free endsengaging the re spective guideways at the same ends of said frames,means for moving said pivotally mounted members simultaneously inopposite directions including a switch camoperable to impart a quickmovement to said pivotally mounted members'upon every other rotation ofthe crank shaft of the loomand complementary guiding members slidablyengaging the respective guideways at the opposite ends of said framesand reciprocable horizontally in the vertical planes of said framesprovided with oppositely disposed racks and a pinion interposed betweenand engaging said racks acting to co-ordinate the relative transversemovementsof said frames; I v

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

HARRY A. Davis.

